Behavioral Engineering Interview Preparation Guide

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CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) is stored on the vehicle in high-pressure tanks - 20 to 25 MPa (200 to 250 bar, or 3,000 to 3,600 psi). Natural gas consists mostly of methane and is drawn from gas wells or in conjunction with crude oil production. As delivered through the pipeline system, it also contains hydrocarbons such as ethane and propane as well as other gases such as nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, sulphur compounds, and water vapour. A sulphur-based odourant is normally added to CNG to facilitate leak detection. Natural gas is lighter than air and thus will normally dissipate in the case of a leak, giving it a significant safety advantage over gasoline or LPG.

LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) consists mainly of propane, propylene, butane, and butylene in various mixtures. It is produced as a by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining. The components of LPG are gases at normal temperatures and pressures. One challenge with LPG is that it can vary widely in composition, leading to variable engine performance and cold starting performance. At normal temperatures and pressures, LPG will evaporate. Because of this, LPG is stored in pressurised steel bottles. Unlike natural gas, LPG is heavier than air, and thus will flow along floors and tend to settle in low spots, such as basements. Such accumulations can cause explosion hazards, and are the reason that LPG fuelled vehicles are prohibited from indoor parkades in many jurisdictions.

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is natural gas stored as a super-cooled (cryogenic) liquid. The temperature required to condense natural gas depends on its precise composition, but it is typically between -120 and -170°C (-184 and -274°F). The advantage of LNG is that it offers an energy density comparable to petrol and diesel fuels, extending range and reducing refuelling frequency.

Hydrogen or H2 gas is highly flammable and will burn at concentrations as low as 4% H2 in air. For automotive applications, hydrogen is generally used in two forms: internal combustion or fuel cell conversion. In combustion, it is essentially burned as conventional gaseous fuels are, whereas a fuel cell uses the hydrogen to generate electricity that in turn is used to power electric motors on the vehicle. Hydrogen gas must be produced and is therefore is an energy storage medium, not an energy source. The energy used to produce it usually comes from a more conventional source. Hydrogen holds the promise of very low vehicle emissions and flexible energy storage; however, many believe the technical challenges required to realize these benefits may delay hydrogen's widespread implementation for several decades.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas or LPG (also called Autogas) consists mainly of propane, propylene, butane, and butylene in various mixtures. It is produced as a by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining. The components of LPG are gases at normal temperatures and pressures. One challenge with LPG is that it can vary widely in composition, leading to variable engine performance and cold starting performance. At normal temperatures and pressures, LPG will evaporate. Because of this, LPG is stored in pressurized steel bottles. Unlike natural gas, LPG is heavier than air, and thus will flow along floors and tend to settle in low spots, such as basements. Such accumulations can cause explosion hazards, and are the reason that LPG fueled vehicles are prohibited from indoor parkades in many jurisdictions.

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is natural gas stored as a super-cooled (cryogenic) liquid. The temperature required to condense natural gas depends on its precise composition, but it is typically between -120 and -170°C (-184 and -274°F). The advantage of LNG is that it offers an energy density comparable to petrol and diesel fuels, extending range and reducing refueling frequency.

Compressed Natural Gas or CNG is stored on the vehicle in high-pressure tanks - 20 to 25 MPa (200 to 250 bar, or 3,000 to 3,600 psi). Natural gas consists mostly of methane and is drawn from gas wells or in conjunction with crude oil production. As delivered through the pipeline system, it also contains hydrocarbons such as ethane and propane as well as other gases such as nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, sulphur compounds, and water vapour. A sulphur-based odourant is normally added to CNG to facilitate leak detection. Natural gas is lighter than air and thus will normally dissipate in the case of a leak, giving it a significant safety advantage over gasoline or LPG.

An engineer is a professional practitioner of engineering, concerned with applying scientific knowledge, mathematics, and ingenuity to develop solutions for technical, societal and commercial problems. Engineers design materials, structures, and systems while considering the limitations imposed by practicality, regulation, safety, and cost.

Engineering word is derived from Latin ingenium, meaning "cleverness" and ingeniare, meaning "to contrive, devise" is the application of scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order to invent, design, build, maintain, research, and improve structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes.

The discipline of engineering is extremely broad, and encompasses a range of more specialized fields of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of applied science, technology and types of application.

Heat treatment can be defined as a combination of processes or operations in which the heating and cooling of a metal or alloy is done in order to obtain desirable characteristics without changing the compositions. Some of the motives or purpose of heat treatment are as follows:
☛ In order to improve the hardness of metals.
☛ For the softening of the metal.
☛ In order to improve the mach-inability of the metal.
☛ To change the grain size.
☛ To provide better resistance to heat, corrosion, wear etc.

Heat treatment is generally performed in the following ways:
☛ Normalizing
☛ Annealing
☛ Spheroidising
☛ Hardening
☛ Tempering
☛ Surface or case hardening

☛ To avoid the concentration of stresses sharp corners and frequent use of fillets should be avoided.
☛ Section thicknesses should be uniform as much as possible. For variations it must be done gradually.
☛ Abrupt changes in the thickness should be avoided at all costs.
☛ Simplicity is the key, the casting should be designed as simple as possible.
☛ It is difficult to create true large spaces and henceforth large flat surfaces must be avoided.
☛ Webs and ribs used for stiffening in castings should as minimal as possible.
☛ Curved shapes can be used in order to improve the stress handling of the cast.

Option B
(motion of domain walls and domain rotation)

Option D
(all of the above)

Option C
(holes and electrons)

Option B
(Photo-conductor)

Option B
(negative)
Explanation:
Resistance of semiconductors decreases with increase in temperature.

Option B
(colomb-metre)
Explanation:
It is product of charge and distance.

Option A
(copper decreases and germanium increases)
Explanation:
As temperature is decreased, resistance of conductors decreases and resistance of semiconductors increases.

Option A
(True)

Option B
(+ 1)

Option B
(False)
Explanation:
Hysteresis phenomenon exists in dielectric materials.

Option B
(weak)
Explanation:
The valence electron, in copper atom, can be easily detached from nucleus.

Option B
(False)

Option B
(shield)

Option C
(Inductance)
Explanation:
Inductance opposes rise and decay of current. Hence it has the property of inertia.