Veterinary Physiologist Question:

Dogs do see color. The colors they see are just more dull. Dogs don’t have as many types of cones (photoreceptor cells) in their retina (at the back of their eye) and these cones are what allow the eye to process color vision. But dogs have more rods (another type of photoreceptor) which actually allows them to see better than their human counterparts in dim light conditions.