Basic Automation Interview Preparation Guide

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If you need to close the current browser having focus driver.close() is used. If you need to close all the browser instances driver.quit() is used.

The Data Driven test design framework follows a design paradigm where test logic is fixed but varies the test data. The data itself can be in different repositories like a simple .csv file, .json file or .xls sheet, or database and can add the tests merely updating those external files or DB (instead of placing in test code itself).

Using CSS selector we can only move downwards in the document, using XPaths we traverse up in the document.

There are three ways of HTML test report creation:

☛ using inbuilt default.html to get the HTML report in TestNG
☛ with the ANT help in JUnit
☛ using XSL jar for converting XML content to HTML in own customized reports

Selenium server could be run on java-jar selenium-server.jar-port other than its default port.

JUnit is an open source Java applications testing framework, introduced by Apache. A process of adding a special form of syntactic metadata to Java source code is called annotation. JUnit Annotations are: variables, parameters, packages, methods and classes.

There are some causes of Selenium WebDriver test to fail:

☛ SeleniumWebDriver element waiting to access did not appear on the web page and the operation timed out
☛ SeleniumWebDriver is trying to access not created element
☛ SeleniumWebDriver cannot locate the element, because the locator has been changed

XPath is a language that describes a way to locate and process items in Extensible Markup Language (XML) documents by using an addressing syntax based on a path through the document's logical structure or hierarchy.

The list of commands to refresh a page in Selenium:

☛ navigate().refresh()
☛ getCurrentUrl()
☛ navigate().to(driver.getCurrentUrl())
☛ sendKeys(Keys.F5)

File uploading action could be performed by using element.sendKeys("path of file") on the webElement of input tag and type file: < name="fileUpload" type="file" />

As all links are of anchor tag 'a', so we can find all of them on a web page by locating elements of tagName ‘a’:

List links = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));

To handle colors could be handled in Selenium WebDriver by using Use getCssValue(arg0) function to get the colors by sending ‘color’ string as an argument.

Both of them check if the given condition is true or false. Unlike to "assert", "verify" will not stop the test case execution if the test case fail.

We should create an instance of a driver of a particular browser:

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

Selenium WebDriver drives the browser using built-in support. RC injects JavaScript function into browsers when the page is loaded.

The fastest WebDriver is HtmlUnitDriver. Differing of other drivers (FireFoxDriver, ChromeDriver etc), it’s non-GUI, while running no browser gets launched.

The next Actions class is used to perform drag and drop:

Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
Action dragAndDrop = builder.clickAndHold(SourceElement)
moveToElement(TargetElement)
release(TargetElement)
build();
dragAndDrop.perform();

User can retrieve the text of the specified web element by using get command. It doesn’t require any parameter but returns a string value.

String Text = driver.findElement(By.id(“Some Text”)).getText()
is an example of it.

Assertion is used as a verification point. It verifies that the application state conforms to the expectation. The types of assertion are “assert”, “verify” and “waifFor”.

AJAX allows the Web page to retrieve small amounts of data from the server without reloading the entire page.

The different wait methods should be applied for testing Ajax application:

☛ ThreadSleep
☛ Implicit Wait
☛ Explicit Wait
☛ WebdriverWait
☛ Fluent Wait

The keyword driven framework is a methodology where actions or steps are treated as keywords. These keywords (like click, move, type etc.,) are stored in some external repositories along just like data (in .csv/.json/.xls/DB).

The return method type is logical. If it returns true then element is visible otherwise it is not. isDisplayed() method could be used for it:

driver.findElement(By.id(“id_of_element”)).isDisplayed();

isSelected() method is used to verify if the checkbox/radio is checked or not. An example -

driver.findElement(By.xpath("XPath of the checkbox/radio button")).isSelected();

Code to mouse hover over an element in Selenium:

Actions action = new Actions(driver);
WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.id("elementId"));
action.moveToElement(element).perform();

You can get the width of the textbox by using the following command:

driver.findElement(By.xpath(“xpath of textbox ”)).getSize().getWidth();
driver.findElement(By.xpath(“xpath of textbox ”)).getSize().getHeight()