Answers:
Answer #1The DMAIC project methodology has five phases:
Define the problem, the voice of the customer, and the project goals, specifically.
Measure key aspects of the current process and collect relevant data.
Analyze the data to investigate and verify cause-and-effect relationships. Determine what the relationships are, and attempt to ensure that all factors have been considered. Seek out root cause of the defect under investigation.
Improve or optimize the current process based upon data analysis using techniques such as design of experiments, poka yoke or mistake proofing, and standard work to create a new, future state process. Set up pilot runs to establish process capability.
Control the future state process to ensure that any deviations from target are corrected before they result in defects. Implement control systems such as statistical process control, production boards, visual workplaces, and continuously monitor the process.
Define the problem, the voice of the customer, and the project goals, specifically.
Measure key aspects of the current process and collect relevant data.
Analyze the data to investigate and verify cause-and-effect relationships. Determine what the relationships are, and attempt to ensure that all factors have been considered. Seek out root cause of the defect under investigation.
Improve or optimize the current process based upon data analysis using techniques such as design of experiments, poka yoke or mistake proofing, and standard work to create a new, future state process. Set up pilot runs to establish process capability.
Control the future state process to ensure that any deviations from target are corrected before they result in defects. Implement control systems such as statistical process control, production boards, visual workplaces, and continuously monitor the process.
Answer #2Define: Define the problem with the w.r.t. VOC- voice of the customer, VOB: Voice of the business etc. and identify the CTQ - Critical to Quality Metrics. Design the project charter and get it approved. Project charter is the main output.
Measure: Here, the outputs are defined, measurement systems, calibrated and the baseline performances are fixed i.e., current performance levels are identified as well as gaps in them if any.
Analyze: Here, we answer the question: What is wrong?. To do that we identify all input variables, through Root cause analysis, 5 why's etc. Once identified , we use techniques like FMEA, Process Mapping etc along with tools like Pareto to identify those critical input variables which cause process variations - this is the most important output of the Analyze phase
Improve: After identifying the most critical inputs we try to address them in the improve phase. Here, we generate various solutions and adopt the best one among them.
Control: Here, we implement the control systems and continuously monitor the processes for sustainability.
Measure: Here, the outputs are defined, measurement systems, calibrated and the baseline performances are fixed i.e., current performance levels are identified as well as gaps in them if any.
Analyze: Here, we answer the question: What is wrong?. To do that we identify all input variables, through Root cause analysis, 5 why's etc. Once identified , we use techniques like FMEA, Process Mapping etc along with tools like Pareto to identify those critical input variables which cause process variations - this is the most important output of the Analyze phase
Improve: After identifying the most critical inputs we try to address them in the improve phase. Here, we generate various solutions and adopt the best one among them.
Control: Here, we implement the control systems and continuously monitor the processes for sustainability.
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